![]() ![]() The years from 1529 to 1552 were known as the "Little War". Main article: Habsburg–Ottoman wars in Hungary (1526–1568) Artistic impression of the battle of Szigetvár by Antonio Lafreri, 1566 This siege signalled the pinnacle of Ottoman power and the maximum extent of Ottoman expansion in central Europe. The Siege of Vienna in 1529 was the first attempt by Suleiman the Magnificent to capture the Austrian capital. Ferdinand set out to enforce his claim on Hungary and captured Buda from John Zápolya in 1527, only to relinquish his hold on it in 1529 when an Ottoman counter-attack stripped Ferdinand of all his territorial gains during 15. Suleiman had promised to make Zápolya the ruler of all Hungary. The throne of Hungary became the subject of a dynastic dispute between Ferdinand and John Zápolya from Transylvania. In return for the throne, Archduke Ferdinand promised to respect the historic rights, freedoms, laws, and customs the Croats had when united with the Hungarian kingdom and to defend Croatia from Ottoman invasion. On 1 January 1527, the Croatian nobles convened the Parliament at Cetin and unanimously elected Ferdinand I, Archduke of Austria as their king, and confirmed the succession to him and his heirs. Ferdinand I from the House of Habsburg, brother of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, married the sister of Louis II and was elected King by the nobles of both Hungary and Croatia. Both Hungary and Croatia became disputed territories with claims from both the Habsburg and Ottoman empires. Louis died in the battle which resulted in the end of the independent Kingdom of Hungary, as he died without an heir. On 29 August 1526 the forces of the Kingdom of Hungary led by King Louis II were defeated at the Battle of Mohács by Ottoman forces led by Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent. See also: Ottoman–Habsburg wars Artistic impression of Szigetvár by Daniel Meisner and Eberhard Kieser, 1625 The battle is still famous in Croatia and Hungary and inspired both the Hungarian epic poem The Siege of Sziget and the Croatian opera Nikola Šubić Zrinski. The importance of the battle was considered so great that the French clergyman and statesman Cardinal Richelieu was reported to have described it as "the battle that saved (Western) civilization". Vienna was not threatened again until the Battle of Vienna in 1683. Although the battle was an Ottoman victory, it stopped the Ottoman push to Vienna that year. More than 20,000 Ottomans had fallen during the attacks and almost all of Zrinski's 2,300-man garrison was killed, with most of the final 600 men killed on the last day. Both commanders died during the battle – Zrinski in the final charge and Suleiman in his tent from natural causes. ![]() The siege of Szigetvár was fought from 5 August to 8 September 1566 and, though it resulted in an Ottoman victory, there were heavy losses on both sides. In January 1566 Suleiman went to war for the last time. The Ottoman campaign in Hungary ceased until the offensive against Szigetvár. In the Little War in Hungary both sides exhausted themselves after sustaining heavy casualties. This was followed by a series of conflicts with the Habsburgs and their allies, fighting against the Ottoman Empire. ![]() Īfter the Battle of Mohács in 1526, which resulted in the end of the independent Kingdom of Hungary, Ferdinand I was elected King by the nobles of both Hungary and Croatia. The battle was fought between the defending forces of the Habsburg monarchy under the leadership of Nikola IV Zrinski ( Croatian: Nikola Šubić Zrinski, Hungarian: Zrínyi Miklós), former Ban of Croatia, and the invading Ottoman army under the nominal command of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent ( Ottoman Turkish: سليمان Süleymān). The Siege of Szigetvár or the Battle of Szigeth (pronunciation: Hungarian: Szigetvár ostroma Croatian: Bitka kod Sigeta, Sigetska bitka Turkish: Zigetvar Kuşatması) was a siege of the fortress of Szigetvár, Kingdom of Hungary, that blocked Sultan Suleiman's line of advance towards Vienna in 1566. ![]()
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